vscode C++程序设计

前言

  • 此处介绍使用vscode进行cpp程序设计，使用make进行构建，gdb进行调试

  • 此次项目用于到PAT刷题

  • 以后逐步地使用gTest 进行测试，valgrind 进行深度检查，log4cplus进行日志输出

目录

参考

how-do-i-set-up-vscode-to-compile-c-code

vscode c++ programming

vscode external tasks

gdb does’t find sources

学习记录

安装c/c++插件

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Ctrl+Shift+P

ext install cpp

文件准备

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cd pat-basic

mkdir bin

mkdir include

mkdir src

touch Makefile

cd ./src

touch hello_world.cpp

touch 1035.cpp

编写Makefile

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PROJECT := zs_pat_basic



# define files and directories

CXX_SRCS := $(shell find src/ -name "*.cpp")

HEADER_FILES := $(shell find include/ -name "*.h")

SRC_DIR := ./src

INCLUDE_DIR := ./include

BUILD_DIR := ./bin



# define debug options

DEBUG_OPTIONS := -g



# define build targets

.PHONY : all

all: $(BUILD_DIR)/hello_world \

		$(BUILD_DIR)/1035 \

		 $(BUILD_DIR)/1050 \



$(BUILD_DIR)/% : $(SRC_DIR)/%.cpp

	$(CXX) -o $@ $(DEBUG_OPTIONS) -I$(INCLUDE_DIR) $<



.PHONY : clean 

clean : 

	rm -rf $(BUILD_DIR)/*

编写c++配置文件c_cpp_properties.json

  • vscode自身配置文件全部在./.vscode/目录下，在vscode资源浏览器中可以看到

  • 注意，刚刚对cpp文件进行编辑后，#include 这句话是有红色下划线警示的，提示找不到文件，这时使用鼠标悬浮功能，点击“红色灯泡”，vscode会自动在配置文件夹中新建c_cpp_properties.json文件，文件内容如下

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{

    "configurations": [

        {

            "name": "Mac",

            "includePath": ["/usr/include"],

            "browse" : {

                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders" : true,

                "databaseFilename" : ""

            }

        },

        {

            "name": "Linux",

            "includePath": ["/usr/include"],

            "browse" : {

                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders" : true,

                "databaseFilename" : ""

            }

        },

        {

            "name": "Win32",

            "includePath": ["c:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0/VC/include"],

            "browse" : {

                "limitSymbolsToIncludedHeaders" : true,

                "databaseFilename" : ""

            }

        }

    ],

    "clang_format" : {

        "style" : "file",

        "fallback-style" : "LLVM",

        "sort-includes" : false

    }

}

配置make任务

  • vscode没有内置make功能，需要借助Task功能进行配置

  • Ctrl+shift+P 进入命令模式，键入tasks: Configure Task Runner，此时vscode自动生成task.json文件，编写内容如下

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{

	// See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558

	// for the documentation about the tasks.json format

	"version": "0.1.0",

    "command": "make",

    "isShellCommand": true,

    "tasks": [

        {

            "taskName": "Makefile",

            // Make this the default build command.

            "isBuildCommand": true,

            // Show the output window only if unrecognized errors occur.

            "showOutput": "always",

            // No args

            "args": ["all"],

            // Use the standard less compilation problem matcher.

            // zs: The problem matcher is for gcc task, not for make.

            "problemMatcher": {

                "owner": "cpp",

                "fileLocation": ["relative", "${workspaceRoot}"],

                "pattern": {

                    "regexp": "^(.*):(\\d+):(\\d+):\\s+(warning|error):\\s+(.*)$",

                    "file": 1,

                    "line": 2,

                    "column": 3,

                    "severity": 4,

                    "message": 5

                }

            }

        }

    ]

}

编写调试配置文件launch.json

  • 同样，vscode也需要自己定义调试相关选项

  • 点击左侧工具栏”Debug“，点击”齿轮“按钮，此时vscode自动生成launch.json文件，编写内容如下

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{

	"version": "0.2.0",

	"configurations": [

		{

			"name": "C++ Launch",

			"type": "cppdbg",

			"request": "launch",

			"targetArchitecture": "x64",

			"program": "${workspaceRoot}/bin/hello_world",

			"args": [],

			"stopAtEntry": false,

			"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",

			"environment": [],

			"externalConsole": true,

			"linux": {

				"MIMode": "gdb"

			},

			"osx": {

				"MIMode": "lldb"

			},

			"windows": {

				"MIMode": "gdb"

			}

		},

		{

			"name": "C++ Attach",

			"type": "cppdbg",

			"request": "launch",

			"targetArchitecture": "x64",

			"program": "${workspaceRoot}/bin/hello_world",

			"args": [],

			"stopAtEntry": false,

			"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}",

			"environment": [],

			"processId": "${command.pickProcess}",

			"externalConsole": false,

			"linux": {

				"MIMode": "gdb"

			},

			"osx": {

				"MIMode": "lldb"

			},

			"windows": {

				"MIMode": "gdb"

			}

		}

	]

}

使用流程

  • 编写hello_world.cpp文件

  • 设置断点

  • Ctrl+shift+B进行make

  • 点击左侧工具栏”调试“按钮进入调试工具区，点击绿色开始运行按钮，即可开始调试

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